Throughout ancient Egypt’s history, it was led by men and women under the pharaohs. However, a few Egyptian kings list did more than others to build the pharaonic civilization and left a proud historical legacy for their descendants.
People who lived along the northern path of the Nile toward its mouth 7,000 years ago started to build a civilization whose beauty will continue to amaze people.
Among these workers and peasants, Egyptian kings’ list rose to power. Each of their names was linked to a place in history, an urban achievement, or a sign of civilization.
About Egyptian kings (rulers):
The Pharaohs were the rulers of Egypt for the period from 3150 to 31 BC. The title of the pharaoh is equivalent to other titles such as Caesar. During the reigns of several pharaohs, Egypt witnessed individual prosperity, the effects of which are still visible in the pyramids and other monuments to this day. The Pharaonic civilization faced a lot of greed and foreign aggression.
The civilization of the ancient Egyptians or the pharaonic civilization is the civilization that arose in Egypt under the rule of the various pharaonic families from the dawn of history until the Roman conquest of Egypt.
Ancient Egyptian kings were called “pharaohs,” from the Egyptian word for “the great legacy.” Before 1400 BC, this word was used to refer to the living king. In ancient Egyptian society, there was a hierarchy that went from the gods to the king to the blessed dead, and the king was the only person who stood out.
The Most Famous Ancient Egyptian kings lists:
1-King Akhenaten
Akhenaten ruled Egypt from 1353 BC to 1336 BC as part of the Eighteenth Dynasty of the New Kingdom. It is also called “Akhenaten,” “Akhenaten,” “Eknaton,” or “Ignition.” When Akhenaten joined the cult of Aten, he gave himself this name. Before he changed, people called him Amenhotep IV (or Amenophis IV). He was the son of Amenhotep III (1386–1353 BC) and his wives, Tiye and Queen Nefertiti. With one of his other wives, Lady Kia, he had Tutankhamun and his wife Ankhsamun (daughter of Queen Nefertiti).
He was king of Egypt for five years as Amenhotep IV. During that time, he followed his father’s policies and religious practices. But in the fifth year, he had a profound religious change of heart, switching from the cult of Amon to the cult of Aten. He was known as the “Heretical King,” who got rid of traditional religious teachings for twelve years. Egypt’s rituals, the first known monotheistic religion, and, according to some, the idea of monotheism itself.
The time he ruled is called the Amarna period because he moved Egypt’s capital from Thebes to the city he built, Aquitaton, which would later be called Tell el-Amarna (or also Tel el-Amarna). The urban period has been studied, talked about, and written about more than any other period in Egyptian history.
2-King Ramses I
During the new kingdom, from 1292 to 1290 BC, King Ramses I, was the first ruler and founder of the 19th dynasty. He was already an older man when he became pharaoh, and Seti I was born before he took power. He was king for less than a year, and as soon as he took over, he made his son his heir. He made Egypt a more stable place, which helped make the best times in Egypt’s history.
King Horemheb gave his friend Ramses charge of the army, so he could focus on running the country. When Ramses became pharaoh of Egypt, he turned his attention to the city of Tanis. This was where he and his successor, King Seti I, spent their summers. They also worked to bring back the old religion, and the cult of Amun after Akhenaten’s religious revolution failed during the reigns of Tutankhamun and King Horemheb. Akhenaten’s spiritual revolution focused on worshipping Aten, or the sun, and he made it the god of monotheism. He also got rid of the religions of Aten and other gods. The priests of Amun, who were in charge of the temples of Amun and had a lot of power and wealth, complained about this new religion and the fact that it was the only cult of Aten. Because of this, after Akhenaten died, they tried to change the government. He became king after Tutankhaten, who was still a young man. The king couldn’t stop the priests from complaining, and the worship of Aten wasn’t yet common among the people’s sects. So Tutankhaten changed his name to Tutankhamun, and he and Horemheb, who was in charge of his army at the time, worked to make the priests of Aten happy and restore the authority of the old religion. When Ramses I became pharaoh, he worked to establish Aten’s religion and eliminate Aten’s religion to stop a revolution in the country. Because Ramses I was already an old man when he became pharaoh, he only ruled for two years.
Giovanni Battista Belzoni found the tomb of Ramses I in the Valley of the Kings. It was tomb number 16. It has a short passageway and a burial chamber with the king’s sarcophagus. There are pictures of Ramses I with several gods on them. It looks like it was finished quickly because the decoration shows Ramses I with Osiris, Ptah, and Anubis gods. It has one semi-square burial chamber with an open granite sarcophagus inside. The contents of the tomb are now in the British Museum.
3-King Ramses II
During its golden age, Ramses II was one of Egypt’s most potent and essential rulers. He is the most powerful third pharaoh of Egypt’s 19th dynasty. King Seti gave the crown to Prince Ramses, who then gave it to Ramses II.
He led several expeditions and worked hard to achieve his goals. This showed what he thought a great country should be like and earned him the name “ruler of rulers.” History fans call him “Ramses the Great” because of these things. During his 66-year rule, Egypt was at its most powerful and glorious.
Ramses II was known worldwide as a great builder and was very interested in building. During the 66 years he was king, he built and rebuilt a lot of monuments, buildings, and temples.
The enormous temples of Abu Simbel and the Ramesseum are two of his most famous works. The size, design, and complexity of both monuments show a new style of architecture. Also, the colossal statue of Ramses is the only thing that is the same about both of these temples.
The temple of Abu Simbel was built in Nubia, which is in southern Egypt, and its beauty can still be seen today. At the entrance to Abu Simbel are four giant statues of King Ramses II, each about 20 meters tall. On the banks of the Nile River, the Ramesseum temple was built, and it was used as Ramses’ tomb.
4-King Ramses III
Pharaoh Ramses III is one of the most well-known rulers of the Twentieth Dynasty in ancient Egypt. He was the second pharaoh and the last ruler of the modern state of Egypt. His reign lasted from 1183 BC to 1152 BC. The ancient Greeks called him Rampsinitus. He started building significant projects with two prominent names: Wasser-Maat-Ra-Mary-Amen and Ra-Mas-S-Haqa-Uno. These names mean “the strong Ma’at and Ra’, the beloved of Amun, the bearing of Ra, the ruler” in Arabic.
He was written about in the Great Harris Papyrus, which was written at the request of his son and successor, Ramses IV. This papyrus tells us about the enormous gifts and gifts of Ramses III, including golden statues, lands, and colossal temple installations in cities like On, Memphis, Athribes, Hermopolis, Coptos, and the rest of the towns in Nubia and Syria, as well as other things he did.
King Ramses III is the son of King Setakhti. During his long, thirty-year reign, he kept doing what his father had started to end the chaos after his father died. And he worked to get worship back to the way it was and to clean up the country.
The Temple of King Ramses III, also called the Mortuary Temple or the Temple of Medinet Habu, was one of the best temples built in ancient Egypt during the Twentieth Dynasty. The king made the temple at the start of his rule, and he also oversaw the building of Amun Set, who is the treasurer of the temple of Amun. He later lived in that area, and the temple is the largest tomb for a king in the modern Pharaonic state. It is 320 meters long from west to east and 200 meters wide from south to north, and it is the only fortified temple. It was likely built in two stages. It has the most valuable inscriptions and furniture of any temple. It also has a statue of Amun made of precious stones and notes on the walls.
5-Pharaoh Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh during the 18th dynasty, also known as the New Kingdom or the New Empire Period. Since his tomb was found, people have called him “King Tut.”
King Tutankhamun, better known as “King Tut,” is probably the most well-known person in Ancient Egyptian history. Howard Carter found his intact tomb in the Valley of the Kings in 1922, and this sparked a new interest in Ancient Egypt and led to modern tourism in Egypt.
The people’s anger about this change led to Akhenaten’s death and the end of his rule. People think that because Tutankhamun was so young and easy to control, he was allowed to take the throne. Under Tutankhamun, an old religious cult was brought back to life, and the city of Akhetaten, built by his father, was no longer used as the capital.
From 1336 to 1327 BCE, Tutankhamun ruled Egypt for almost ten years. On November 4, 1922, Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon found their tomb near the Valley of the Kings. On November 26, 1922, they went inside the tomb. The king’s mummified body was in a golden coffin with valuable grave goods. The tomb was opened to the public for the first time on February 17, 1923, in the presence of well-known archaeologists and government officials.
I couldn’t say much about the fantastic treasures found, and the pharaoh’s tomb was tiny for one of his kind. It has a floor area of 110 square meters. This area comprises a passageway, a burial room, an entrance room, and two rooms called the “annex” and the “treasury.” Tutankhamun’s life wasn’t nearly as interesting as his reign. In reality, he was not a very important pharaoh. He took the throne when he was only ten years old, in 1333 BC. He ruled Egypt for only nine years before he died.
6-King Khufu (Cheops)
King Khufu is the son of King Sneferu. He ruled Egypt for more than 23 years during the Fourth Dynasty, from 2589 to 2566 BC. He also built the Great Pyramid, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, known for its sheer size and the burial chamber at the middle of the pyramid rather than the bottom. It is made of about 2.3 million stone blocks, weighing about 205 tons.
Cheops were one of Egypt’s most influential and cruel pharaohs. Even though the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the most well-known buildings in the world, is his most important legacy and what people know him for today.
7-King Khafre (Kefren)
King Khafre was King Khufu’s son who took over as ruler of Egypt when his father died. He built the Great Sphinx and the second-biggest of Giza’s three pyramids during his time in power. In 2570 BC, he became king and ruled for 26 years. Many sculptures of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs are kept in the Grand Egyptian Museum. When you see these sculptures on your trip through Egypt, you’ll realize that the ancient Egyptian pharaohs were pretty smart.
8-King Menkaure (Mycerinus/Chephren)
King Khafre, Chephren, who ruled Egypt during the Fourth Dynasty, and built the Pyramid of Menkaure is often seen as one of the most influential people in ancient Egyptian history. His father, King Khufu, built the Great Pyramid of Giza. He also gave him his name. When Egypt had a king, he was in charge from 2558 BC to 2532 BC (2686-2150 BC). His name means “appearance of Ra.” One of his many wives was Queen Merishnekh, with whom he had 12 sons, three daughters, and other husbands. He wanted to keep his father’s business going, so he built the second-biggest pyramid in the Giza complex as a tribute to him. He also made the massive Valley Temple and the well-known Sphinx.
In 2540 BC, work on the second pyramid in the Giza complex began when the Fourth Dynasty was going on. The Egyptian pyramid was called “Wer-en-Khafre,” which means “Khafre Is Great” in English. It was built with two-ton blocks of limestone from Tora, and some slabs of pink granite were used to make the inside. It stands 136.4 meters (448 feet) tall and is 215.5 meters wide at the bottom (706 feet).
9-Pharaoh Menes (Narmer)
“King Menes” was the first ruler of the First Dynasty in ancient Egyptian history. He was also the last king of the predynastic era (6000–3150 BCE). As shown in the mythical Narmer Palette, he was able to rule both upper and lower Egypt at the same time in 3150 B.C. His name means “The One Who Lasts,” and he was king for 62 years. During all of those years, he was king. He married Princess Neithhotep of Naqada to ensure he would be in charge for a long time, and she was born in that country. Many people think he became king because Horus, the Egyptian god of victory and protection, gave him the title.
King Menes “named his famous palette the Narmer Palette to honor the victory of upper Egypt over lower Egypt.” This shiest palette was found near Hyracnopolis “El Kom El Ahmar,” about 22 km east of Cairo. The word “Narmer Palette” is written on it. This palette was taken to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and later moved to the Grand Egyptian Museum. The best way to start your trip to Egypt is to visit the museum and see the Pharaonic collection there.
His tomb was found in Um Qa’ab, near Abydos in the upper part of Egypt. It is made of mud bricks, and it looks like two rooms have been joined. The tomb has two seals from the necropolis, which show that he was the king of the first dynasty. You can find these seals in the grave.
10-King Zoser (Djoser)
He was the second Pharaoh of the III Dynasty and ruled from 2665 BC to 2645 BC. His rule lasted from 2665 BC to 2645 BC. He was the first Pharaoh to order the building of the Step Pyramid of Saqqara, which is one of the most famous examples of Egyptian architecture. And that, in the end, is the main thing that makes him stand out in history.
During the 3rd dynasty, his tomb was part of his funerary complex. His pyramid at Saqqara has a limestone statue on the first floor of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. This statue is one of the museum’s “masterpieces” because it is the first life-size statue ever made in ancient Egypt. During the third dynasty, King Djoser was Pharaoh, and he ruled for 19 to 28 years, from 36 BCE to 36 BCE. Right now, you can find it at the Grand Egyptian Museum.
11-King Sneferu
Pharaoh of the 4th Dynasty, King Snefru’s reign lasted between 24 and 30 years, beginning in 2600 BC. His rule was considered to have started at this time. He is responsible for constructing the first genuine pyramid in Dahshour, now available to tourists. He was responsible for building three pyramids, each of which had significant inventiveness. The red pyramid, which currently serves as his tomb, is the most well-known of all the pyramids.
12-Pharaoh Pepi II
Pharaoh King Pepi II, who also went by the name Nefer Ka Ra and ruled from 2278 to 2184 B.C., was part of the 6th dynasty of Egypt’s the Old Kingdom. He ruled from 2278 to 2184 B.C. He was in charge of Egypt for a very long time. Most historians agree that it has been 94 years, but some say it has been 64 years. It looks like the first part of his rule was successful, since he did business with a number of different places. The end of his rule was marked by the rise to power of local leaders, who started setting up small kingdoms at this time. During the second part of his reign, when the economy was in a bad place, Pepi II had to put a financial overseer in charge of Upper Egypt because of the situation.
13-King Senusret I
King Senusret I was the ruler of Egypt during the Twelfth Dynasty of the Middle Kingdom. He was also called “Khair kare” and “Sesostris I.” Besides Sesostris I, it is also known as Senusret I. No military operations occurred during his reign, from 1971 to 1926 BC. Senusret I was the first pharaoh to begin draining Faiyum to make more land available for cultivation. In addition to building a pyramid and a tomb at Lahun, he was interested in the many sculptures now displayed in the Grand Egyptian Museum.
14-King Ahmose I
I was a member of the Theban Royal Family then. His father, King Sekenenra, was the king of Thebes before he took over. He put together the 18th dynasty, which began in the New Kingdom of Egypt and lasted 25 years, from 1549 BC to 1524 BC. In the year 1549 BC, this dynasty began. After the end of the Second Intermediate Period, he started bringing Egypt back together at that time. As part of his plan to get rid of the Hyksos and their culture, he fought in battles in many different places, including Egypt, Palestine, and Kush. Ahmose, I started building projects not only at his religious center but also in Memphis, where he lived. No one knows where his tomb is, but his mummy was found in Deir el-Bahri along with those of other royal people.
15-King Amenhotep I
During the New Kingdom, Egypt was ruled by King Amenhotep I of the Eighteenth Dynasty. He was Ahmose’s first son, and when his father died, he took over the management of his military battles and construction projects. He was a king from 1525 BC to 1504 BC, a total of 20 years. Amenhotep I’s military campaigns brought him a lot of loot, and he paid for all the building projects he wanted. The people who worked at Deir el-Medina had worshipped him and his mother as their patron deities for many centuries. The inhabitants of Deir el-Madina were working for the government to build the Valley of the Kings, which is why the city was named after them. During that period of history, it became a norm for royal girls to marry only members of the royal family.
16-King Amenhotep II
During the New Kingdom of the 18th Dynasty, from 1427 BC to 1401 BC, King Amenhotep II ruled Egypt with his father, Thutmose III. Between 1427 BC and 1401 BC, he was king. He finished destroying Hatshepsut’s monuments so that no one in her family could claim to be a legitimate candidate for the throne. People think that Amenhotep II ruled Egypt for about 30 years, and his pictures show that he was in good shape.
During the time of Amenhotep II, there was a significant change. When Hatshepsut and Thutmose III were trying to bring Middle Kingdom-inspired modern traditions into art and culture, we find that the ideas of their time were open to the spirit of the time, taking into account all of the progress and new ideas. This happened at a time when both Hatshepsut and Egypt’s plan to grow in the East made the country more open to Asian culture. Many metaphors and similes, as well as some Asian deities, were used to describe the Egyptian style in the royal texts, and typical cults grew up to represent the pharaoh’s body. The Egyptian style came about because of this. Amenhotep II loved horses, which he could train himself and train very well so that they could cut thick copper plates. Amenhotep II also knew a lot about how to train horses well. Behind the apparent rhetorical skill of these verses is a fundamental way of thinking: the pharaoh did not choose most of the senior politicians from the dynasties with power and authority. Instead, he picked them from among the youth companions or the companions of arms. In other words, they were chosen by the pharaoh from among the soldiers.
Here is where one of the stones is. Based on what was written on it, it seems likely that the pharaoh was working on rebuilding projects in Elephantine (now called Aswan) because his name was found written on the walls of the El Kab temple and a small obelisk there. In the land of Nubia, the sacrifice is made in the city of Kalabsha to the god Min, who is thought to be the god of the land of Nubia. On the wall of the Smna temple, we can see his name carved into the stone. Giant statues of him were found in front of the ninth gate at Karnak, and a grey granite statue of Osiris was also found there. The city of Gourna is where it was found, and it is now kept there by the Egyptian Museum. He also has an extensive collection of scarabs. Each scarab represents an important event in this pharaoh’s more recent history. His simple tomb in the Valley of the Kings, where his body was found, was decorated simply at the time.
17-King Amenhotep III
He is the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, and sometimes he writes. He is also one of the best rulers of Egypt in history. He was in charge of Egypt from June to December 1391 BC to 1353 BC, from June to December 1388 BC to 1351 BC or 1350 BC (1391 BC–1353 BC).
In the early years of his rule, Amenhotep III liked sports, especially hunting and hunting, because he was a great hunter. He found a scarab in which he wrote that on a royal hunting trip that lasted two days, he killed 100 wild bulls. He also found a scarab from the tenth year in which he wrote that he had killed 102 lions since becoming king. On hunting trips, he didn’t care much about military operations. In the fifth year of his rule in the country of Kush (Nubia), Amenhotep fought a small group of Sudanese. After he won, he grew his kingdom until it reached the fourth cataract. The expedition was near the rocks of the island of Konosu in Nubia. On a piece of fat that is now in the British Museum, he wrote about his campaign in Nubia.
Amenhotep built a temple in Thebes, but it was destroyed soon after. He also built several temples in Thebes. In Karnak, he built a temple for the war god Mentu, the lord of the Thebes area, until Amun took over. He also made another temple for the gods after the death of Amun-wife Ra’s.
He also helped build the third building of the Temple of Amun, the main temple in Karnak. Sinai, Giza, El Kab, Armant, and Armant.
The engineer Amenhotep Ibn Habu put up two seated statues of Amenhotep III called the Colossi of Memnon in Western Thebes. Each statue is made from a single sandstone and is 15 meters tall without a base. They are now standing next to the road leading to the cemetery’s royal temples and tombs of kings. These two statues are so well-known because an earthquake in 27 BC shook the Thebes area and broke the northern statue in half in the middle. The stone then sent out sound vibrations because of sudden changes in humidity and temperature at dawn, which led to the legend that the statue cries out for the mother of the Ethiopian hero Memnon Aurora, the goddess of dawn. Amenhotep III also made a lot of memorial scarabs. We still have five of them today, and the oldest one confirms that Queen Tiye was the most important queen.
18-King Thutmose II
King Thutmose II ruled the New Kingdom. He took power in 1493 BC and stayed in power until 1479 BC, making him a part of the 18th dynasty. This child’s father is King Thutmose I. His mummy was found in the royal storehouse at the Temple of Hatshepsut. It shows that he was sick and weak, which caused him to die.
He was forced, like his predecessors, to put down one of the revolutions in Nubia, and it seems that the military campaign he sent put an end to the hopes and dreams of the Bekaa rulers, who were the children of Nubian rulers during the second transition. Thutmose II probably only ruled for three years, which was not very long. He also sent a second army to Palestine to keep the Bedouin people from breaking the law and make the area safe.
This king expanded and improved the Karnak Temple in a big way. He built two obelisks and two giant statues and started building the eighth gate. He also created some buildings in Esna and the summit temple, and he carved a statue of his father, Thutmose I, in the Turin Museum. He also built some structures in Esna and at the summit temple.
Thutmose II couldn’t finish building his tomb and mortuary temple in the northern part of Medinet Habu because of the passing of time, so Tuthmosis III did. His mummy was found in a stockpile at Deir al-Bahari. This shows that he died when he was still young and in his prime (at the age of twenty-five or thirty).
19-King Thutmose III
King Thutmose III ruled Egypt as part of the 18th Dynasty of the New Kingdom from 1479 BC to 1425 BC. There were more than 40 years in this time frame. He led military campaigns all over the Levant, and in the end, he was in charge of most of Palestine. Hatshepsut’s name and the monuments she had built were not destroyed until the end of Thutmose III’s reign. He was in charge of creating and expanding many buildings, gathering massive wealth through military expeditions, and putting together an impressive collection of sculptures that are now on display at the Egyptian Museum.
Thutmose III asked the sons of Asian princes to come to Egypt so that he could make them love Egypt, teach them Egyptian customs and traditions, teach them about Egyptian culture, and make them love Egypt so that when they went back to their home countries and took over the government there, they would be Thutmose III’s loyal followers. His research into sacred archives led him to rewrite some old religious texts, “such as the texts of the pyramids,” and to create new hymns and rituals used until the Greco-Roman period. His work can still be seen in museums and libraries worldwide.
The intelligent strategy used affected how well the Egyptian Empire worked as a whole and how far Egyptian culture spread. Tuthmosis III also wanted to build a solid military fleet. With this fleet, he could take control of many more islands in the Mediterranean and the coast of Phoenicia.
He built the ancestral room on the temple’s southern side and set up the feast hall on the temple’s eastern flank. In the room he made for his ancestors, Tuthmosis III had some of the names of his ancestors, who were all kings of Egypt, written in stone. He did this to show them respect.
When the temple was made more prominent, carvings of different trees were added to one of the rooms. All the plants he found in the Ratno area are on these engravings (Syria). He built a temple for the god Ptah north of the temple for the god Amun at Karnak, which was not his funeral temple. He gave it as a gift to the god Ptah, the god of Memphis, and his wife, the goddess Hathor.
20-Pharaoh Seti I
King Seti I was both Ramses I’s son and Ramses II’s father. He was also Ramses I’s son. During the 19th dynasty of Egypt’s history, he was the pharaoh of the New Kingdom. His reign started in 1290 BC and ended in 1279 BC. He dug up abandoned mines and fixed up old monuments to make money for his building projects and to pay for his military service. His rule is thought to have lasted for about eleven years, and his tomb is in the Valley of the Kings.
Pharaoh King Seti I ruled Egypt from the 19th dynasty of the New Kingdom (1550–1050 B.C. ) from 1294–1279 B.C. His name means “of Seth,” which refers to the god Seth, who is the god of chaos, violence, storms, and killing. He was called Medmaatre, which means “Justice of Re is Eternal,” and the city he lived in was called Merenptah, meaning “Man of Set, Beloved of Ptah,” but the Greeks called him Sethos. Both know him by these names. King Seti I is considered one of the most important pharaohs in ancient Egyptian history because he did many important things while in charge.
21-King Merneptah
During the 19th dynasty in ancient Egypt, he was the fourth king of that dynasty. In 1213 BC, he was in charge of Egypt for ten years, from the end of July to August to May 2, 1203 BC. Sources from history written during his reign and put together at the time show that. Ramses II’s thirteenth son was the only one who could take over as king of Egypt because all of his older brothers had died. When he took the throne, he was sixty years old.
He was Ramses II’s twelfth son, but because his father ruled for so long, he didn’t become king until he was much older. Even though he was king for only 11 years, the Victory Panel is still considered one of the essential pieces of history. In 1898, the mummy of Merentbah was found in the tomb of Amenhotep II in Luxor.
22-Pharaoh Nectanebo II
He was the third and last king of the Thirty Egyptian Dynasty. He was also known as Necthoreb, the previous patriotic ruler of Egypt in the past.
Nectanebo put the Spartan king on the throne of Egypt. He also helped the Spartan king eliminate Teus and keep other people from taking the throne. After 17 years in power, he was defeated by the Persian king Ardashir III. He ran away first to Memphis, then to Upper Egypt, and finally to Nubia, where he was forgotten. When Nectanebo II ran away, all organized resistance to the Persian invasion fell apart, and Egypt became a state again in the Persian Empire.
Egypt did well when Nectanebo was in charge. Egyptian artists came up with a new style that made the Ptolemaic reliefs stand out during his rule. Nectanebo II, like his indirect predecessor Nectanebo I, was interested in many god-worshiping rituals in ancient Egypt. More than a hundred Egyptian sites show his interest in these rituals. Among other things, he went on to build the Temple of Isis (Phila).
For several years, Nectanebo II did a lot to keep Egypt safe from the Achaemenid Empire. Nectanebo II’s forces finally defeated Nectanebo II at the Battle of Plossium. His former servant, Mentor of Rhodes, betrayed him (343 BC). After taking over Memphis, the Persians strengthened their control over the rest of Egypt and made it part of their Achaemenid Empire. Nectanebo II ran away to the south and kept his power for a while. His fate after that was not known.
23-Pharaoh Horemheb
He was the last pharaoh of the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasty, which lasted from about 1320 B.C. until the end of 1292 B.C.
Horemheb filled the priesthood and clergy with soldiers and other military personnel. His main goal was to make Amarni the new leaders of the Amarni court, which was at the top of his list of things to do. Horemheb thought that his minister, “Ramses,” a military commander, would make the best king after him. So, he could share power with his oldest son, Siti, who was also in the army then.
By erasing the memories of King Ay and Nectmin after they died, as well as by their actions, he was able to put an end to a specific time and return to his rightful place. The Ramesses family, who are technically thought to be the company’s founders, know this. When King Ramses II ruled Egypt, Horemheb was seen as the rightful heir of King Amenhotep III.
24-King Seqenen re II
Pharaoh Seqenenre Taa was the second ruler of Egypt. He was the son of King Sankhet An Ra Taa I. He is the father of Ahmose I and is thought to be one of Egypt’s most influential rulers.
Even though no one knows when his rule started, most people think it was between 1560 BC and 1558 BC.
There is evidence that the real fight to get rid of the Hyksos from Egypt and free the country from the foreign rule that had been on it for a long time began during his reign. This happened during his administration because the Hyksos came to Egypt and took over. In 1880, a remarkable find was made in a cache near the temple of Deir el-Bahari. It was made up of several artifacts, including the mummy and coffin of King Seqenen Ra. Some of the gold in his coffin was taken, but not all of it.
25-Pharaoh Hatshepsut
Queen Hatshepsut was the first woman to rule Egypt after her husband, Thutmose II, died when his son, Thutmose III, was still a young boy. She was part of the 18th Dynasty and is thought to have been one of the most powerful pharaohs in ancient Egypt. She was in charge of Egypt during the New Kingdom, which ran from 1481 BC to 1472 BC. She started as his queen regent, but later she was made pharaoh. Queen Hatshepsut grew Egyptian trade and oversaw several large-scale building projects, the most famous of which was the “Hatshepsut Temple” building at Deir el-Bahri. She said she was Amun’s child and became a king by putting on royal clothes and building a beautiful temple for herself in Luxor, where she was worshipped as a goddess.
Summary
In ancient Egypt, a king’s personality changed depending on the time he lived, especially during times of power, wealth, and expanding rule. These times had to make the kings more powerful and holy, so some of them, like Senusret III and Ramses II, tried to be religious. The king’s nature depended on the king’s personality and character. Some kings were gods while alive, while others were just regular people who became gods after they died. Most of the kings of Pharaonic Egypt were holy, though, because they were the gods’ children on earth who ruled Egypt and the world on behalf of their sacred fathers.
You can learn more about this ancient pharaonic civilization if you book one of the best Egypt Travel Packages and visit some of Egypt’s most amazing places, like the Karnak temple, the Queen Hatshepsut temple, the Valley of the Kings, and the Nile river cruise. Some names that will live on forever are connected to these places with us in forever egypt tours.